Review of "Looking Backward" by Edward Bellamy

I decided to read this because I'd read William Morris's News from Nowhere, which is a response to this different vision of a socialist utopia. It's a strange and not particularly socialist book, though perhaps also an illustration of how many different things have been called "socialist" over the years. Bellamy's socialist future is one in which everything is run on corporate/military lines. Socialist has grown "naturally" out of the tendency of capitalism to monopoly - eventually all the big monopolists corporations merge into one, and then there's no capitalist competition so that's socialism, right? And work and production are organised via an "industrial army", with ranks and units and so on.

I have a vague memory that some of the German Social Democrats, in particular Hilferding, thought along similar lines - that Monopoly Capitalism would make socialism thinkable and possible.

Bits of are repulsive, though I think Bellamy has tried to think kindly about the way in which a future society will include women (somewhat better than Morris did), and about how "from each according to their ability" really does mean that those who can't contribute much deserve just as much as everyone else.

As a piece of fiction it's not great, but better than Morris's book, which has a lot of people floating about dressed as happy medieval peasants and doing cute crafty things. Bellamy's frame tale, in which he explains how his protagonist arrives in the future, also seems better crafted than Morris's, which is barely explained at all.